Reproductive health encompasses the proper functioning of the reproductive system at all life stages. It includes menstrual health, fertility awareness, contraception, pregnancy health, menopause, and the prevention and treatment of reproductive conditions. Good reproductive health supports overall physical, mental, and social wellbeing.

A normal menstrual cycle ranges from 21-35 days, with bleeding lasting 2-7 days. The average cycle is 28 days. What's "normal" varies between individuals. Tracking your cycle helps you understand your patterns and identify any changes that might warrant medical attention.

See your GP or gynaecologist for: periods lasting more than 7 days, very heavy bleeding (soaking through pads/tampons hourly), cycles shorter than 21 or longer than 35 days, missed periods for 3+ months (without pregnancy), severe pelvic pain, unusual discharge, or fertility concerns after 12 months of trying (6 months if over 35).

Common conditions include: PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome), endometriosis, fibroids, ovarian cysts, PMS/PMDD, menstrual disorders, pelvic inflammatory disease, and fertility issues. Many are manageable with proper diagnosis and treatment. Don't suffer in silence – help is available.

Support reproductive health through: balanced nutrition, regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, adequate sleep, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol, practicing safe sex, and attending regular health screenings (cervical screening, breast checks). Know your cycle and what's normal for you.

In the UK, cervical screening (smear test) is offered every 3 years for women aged 25-49, and every 5 years for ages 50-64. The HPV vaccine reduces cervical cancer risk but doesn't eliminate it, so screening remains important even if vaccinated. Contact your GP surgery to book.